Crawford 487/2a, Roman Republic, Petillius Capitolinus, Denarius.
Roman Republic (Rome mint 43 BC.), Petillius Capitolinus,
Denarius (19-20 mm / 3,35 g),
Obv.: PET[ILLIVS] / CAPITOLINVS, eagle standing on thunderbolt right.
Rev.: hexastyle Capitoline temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus with decorated roof; between central four columns, hanging decoration.
Crawf. 487/2a ; Syd 1150 ; Bab. (Petillia) 2 .
The temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus (Best and Greatest) sat on the Capitoline Hill at the head of the Roman Forum. Although dedicated to the Capitoline Triad (Jupiter, Juno, and Minerva), the temple became associated with Jupiter alone. The first temple was begun under the last Roman king, Tarquinius Superbus and dedicated in 509 BC, the first year of the new Republic. Burning down in 83 BC, it was rebuilt by Sulla and the consul Q. Lutatius Catulus. While periodically struck by lightning, the building remained intact through most of the next two centuries. In 69 AD this version of the temple was burned when the Capitol was stormed by partisans of Vitellius. In 70 AD Vespasian ordered the temple's reconstruction.