Antiochia in Pisidia, 244-249 AD., Philip I., Dupondius, SNG v.Aulock 4972.

Antiochia in Pisidia, Philip I., 244-249 AD.,
Dupondius (AE 23), 8,41 g.,
Obv.: IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS A , radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right (rear view).
Rev.: ANTI - OCHI C - OLON / S - R , Vexillum between two standards, all surmounted by eagles.
Krzyzanowska, IX/ ? ; SNG v.Aulock 4972 (obv. same dies) ; SNG Cop 76

Antioch in Pisidia - also Antiochia in Pisidia (Greek: Αντιόχεια της Πισιδίας), in the Roman Empire, Latin: Antiochia Caesareia or Antiochia Caesaria – today is a city in the Turkish Lake District, which is at the crossroads of the Mediterranean, Aegean and Central Anatolian regions, and formerly on the border of Pisidia and Phrygia.
The site lies approximately 1 km northeast of Yalvaç, the modern town of Isparta Province.

While the Hellenistic Kingdoms (the inheritors of Alexander the Great) were fighting each other and the Galatians, Rome became the most powerful state in Europe and started to follow a policy of expansion to the east. They participated in fights for sharing the heritage of Alexander as the inheritance of classical culture and began invading Macedon, Thrace and the Dardanelles and they reached Phrygia via Magnesia and Pisidia. They cowed the Galatians and according to the treaty signed in Apamea in 188 BC, they gave the land of Pisidia which they had got from Antiochos III, to their ally the Pergamon Kingdom which dominated the region. Attalos III, the last king of Pergamon, bequeathed his kingdom to Rome on his death in 133 BC Aristonikos who claimed Pergamon was defeated in 129, then Rome affected Anatolia with its well-developed, creative culture for centuries.
Although Anatolia was dominated by the Roman Empire as the province of Asia, Pisidia was given to the Kingdom of Cappadocia, an ally of Rome. During the following years, the authority gap which could not be filled by these kingdoms remote from central government, led to the rise of powerful pirate kingdoms, especially in Cilicia and Pisidia. The Romans were disturbed by these kingdoms and fought against them. Cilicia, Pampylia, Phrygia and Pisida were freed from pirates and Roman rule was restored in 102 BC.
The geographical and strategical position of the region made it difficult to control the area and maintain constant peace. The Homonadesians, settled in the Taurus Mountains between Attalaia and Iconion, caused problems for Rome. Marcus Antonius who had to control the roads connecting Pisidia to Pamphylia, charged his allied king Amyntas, King of Pisidia, to fight against Homonadesians, but Amyntas was killed during the struggle.

Then Rome started to colonize using military legions as a solution to the failure of the locally appointed governors. The Province of Galatia was established in 25 BC and Antioch became a part of it. To support the struggle against the Homonadesians logistically, the construction of a road called the Via Sebaste, the centre of which was Antioch, was started by the governor of the Province of Galatia, Cornutus Arrutius Aquila. The Via Sebaste was separated into two and directed to the southwest and southeast to surround the Homonadesians. Secondary connecting roads were built between these two roads. Rome wiped the Homonadesians out from history in 3 BC.

During the reign of Augustus, eight colonies were established in Pisidia, but only Antioch was honoured with the title of Caesareia and given the right of the "Ius Italicum", maybe because of its strategic position. The city became an important Roman colony which rose to the position of a capital city with the name of "Colonia Caesareia".
Hellenisation became Latinisation during the Roman period and it was applied in Antioch best. The city was divided into seven quarters called "vici" all of which were founded on seven hills like in Rome. The formal language was Latin till the end of the 3rd century A.D. The fertilitiy of the land and the peace brought by Augustus (Pax Romana) made it easier for the veterans as colonists in the area to have good relations and integration with the natives.
One of the three surviving copies of "Res Gestae Divi Augusti", the famous inscription recording the noble deeds of the Emperor Augustus was found in front of the Augusteum in Antioch / Pisidia. The original was carved on bronze tablets and exhibited in front of the Mausoleum of Augustus in Rome, but unfortunately has not survived. The Antioch copy on stone was written in Latin which is a sign of the importance of the city as a military and cultural base of Rome in Asia. (One of the copies, in Greek and Latin, is in Ankara, the other, in Greek, in Apollonia -Uluborlu).
During the Arab raids in the 6-8th century Anatolian cities were damaged and they started to become deserted. So Antioch in 718 during the reign of Caliph Velid. The old colonia Antioch never recovered again and hundreds years of glamour vanished.

New people appear in the 11th century. They were the Seljuk Turks who captured the area and founded the Anatolian Seljuk Empire-Sultanate in Central Anatolia. Until the 12th century Antioch was a base where soldiers stopped for a rest and it constantly changed hands. On 11 September 1176, the armies of the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire and the Seljuk Sultanate met at Myriokephalon (thousand heads), the exact location is not know, but it is widely accepted that it is somewhere near Antioch. Sultan Kiliçarslan won the battle against Manuel Commenos. After the battle the treaty signed in Antioch led to the introduction of Turkish culture which survives to the present day.
The Turks preferred to settle down in the valley instead of on the acropolis because they now controlled the whole of Central Anatolia. They did not need defence walls and the valley was very suitable for agriculture. The names of most captured cities were not changed by the Turks, but since the name of Antioch had already been forgotten and there were no Christians in the region anymore, the city was named "Yalvac" which means "Prophet".