Nero, Copper-As, 30 mm, 11,02 g., mint of Lugdunum (Lyon), 4th-5th issue, 66-67 AD.
Obv.: IMP NERO CAESAR AVG P MAX TR P P P , bare head left, globe at point of bust.
Rev.: S - C , Victory flying left, holding shield inscribed S P Q R.
RIC 544 / 606 ; WCN 596 / 603 ; BMCRE 387 ; Cohen 303 .
genuine but tooled
This reverse type, Victory holding a small, round shield, records the awarding of the clupeus virtutis, the shield of valor, to Nero for victories in Armenia won by the able general Corbulo. Late in his reign (67 AD), Nero began to fear Corbulo and ordered him to commit suicide.
Originally coins with the clupeus virtutis were struck in celebration of the Senate's award of the 'clupeus virtutis' of Augustus for the legions' success in Persia and Armenia.
Augustus was given an honorary shield called the clupeus virtutis, the shield of virtue, in 27 BC., a few years after Actium.
On the clupeus virtutis was inscribed the following (original lost, text taken from one of several copies):
SENATUS POPULUSQUE ROMANUS IMP CAESARI DIVI AUGUSTO COS VIII DEDIT CLUPEUM VIRTUTIS CLEMENTIAE IUSTITIAE PIETATIS ERGA DEOS PATRIAMQUE
"The senate and the Roman People dedicated to the emperor Augustus, son of the divine Caesar the shield for virtue, clemency, justice, and piety towards the gods and his native land".
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